Users are generally concerned about the fire resistance of sandwich panels and worry about their flammability. However, correctly installed EPS sandwich panels actually have good fire-resistant characteristics.
Determining Factors
The fire resistance of sandwich panels is determined by the following factors:
- Coating: Protects the panel from direct flame contact.
- Thickness: Increases the material's heat resistance.
- Foam: Provides insulation effects.
- Density: Affects the material's flame resistance.
Fire Performance
Correctly installed EPS sandwich panels can provide satisfactory fire resistance and will not cause unnecessary fire hazards. Authorities such as the International Code Council (ICC) and the Canadian Materials Construction Centre (CMCC) recommend applying a thermal barrier to EPS materials to enhance their fire resistance.
Fire Reaction
Research indicates that sandwich panels do not spontaneously cause fires. Fires typically occur when in direct contact with high-risk areas, such as ovens and kitchens. The spread of fire is often due to a lack of effective control in these areas.
Combustion Characteristics
EPS sandwich panels soften at 212°F (100°C). Their combustion state depends on:
- Ambient Temperature: High temperatures can accelerate the burning of materials.
- Exposure Time: Prolonged exposure to high temperatures increases the risk of burning.
- Oxygen Supply: Sufficient oxygen promotes combustion.
Ignition Conditions
EPS sandwich panels may ignite when exposed to an open flame. If the flame temperature exceeds 680°F (360°C), the sandwich panel will ignite and burn completely, producing dense smoke. This smoke contains monostyrene, hydrogen bromide, carbon monoxide, and other aromatic compounds, but its emission levels and harmfulness are relatively low.
Fire Resistance Rating
EPS sandwich panels are rated as B1 fire-resistant material, meaning they have a low flammability. When in use, care should be taken to avoid direct contact with high-temperature fire sources.